Mesothelioma Therapy - What Are the Options?

Mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer that affects the membranes surrounding the internal organs of humans. When not detected until it has progressed to a late stage, it is often difficult, if not impossible to control. Adding to the particular danger of this cancer is that the symptoms are very general and non-specific. Because of this, it is often not diagnosed early enough. Exposure to asbestos is the leading cause of mesothelioma, documented in nearly all cases.
Because of its aggressive spread, you should contact your doctor as soon as you begin to suspect mesothelioma, especially if you have been exposed to asbestos at some point. You can first expect a screening from your doctor, which can include a variety of tests like X-Rays or CT scans. If these preliminary tests show any sign of mesothelioma, you can expect a long series of additional tests to rule out any other diseases.
The only definitive test for mesothelioma is a moderately invasive procedure called a biopsy. If your previous screenings come back positive, a small sample of tissue will be removed from the affected area and examined by a specialist. There are many different types and techniques of biopsy at your doctor's disposal, and he/she will select the right one depending on where the cancerous growth is located. Depending on which stage your cancer has advanced to, your Mesothelioma therapy options may be many. Mesothelioma can be classified as being in one of four stages of development.
Stage I is the earliest and very localized. If found at this stage, the prognosis can be quite good. Therapy options at this point can include surgical removal of the tumor, chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Clinical trials may also be used on a limited basis to determine the usefulness of new cancer fighting compounds.
Stage II refers to mesothelioma that has spread to other areas near the tumor. Once the cancer begins to spread, the prognosis rapidly deteriorates, however with the right treatment and mindset, hope for recovery still remains. Many of the same therapies for stage I are used for Stage II. Quite often with an individual who has stage I or stage II mesothelioma, the doctor will employ several therapies in conjunction with one another. While very effective, this can leave the patient in a very weakened state, and thus is not recommended for more advanced stages.
Stage III indicates the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes. At this point, techniques such as surgery are limited in their effectiveness, simply because of the volume of cancer in the patient. If surgery is elected during stage III or IV, it is usually to increase the quality of life for the patient. Radiation and chemotherapy can still be used at this stage as a mesothelioma therapy, however their ability to control the cancer is diminished significantly.
Stage IV is the most advanced type and is applied to cases where the cancer has spread to parts of the body far removed from the tumor. Usually, when stage IV is reached, the mesothelioma spreads to the brain and the prognosis is very low. Mesothelioma therapy options at this point are usually used to improve the patient's quality of life, although there have been cases where a patient has been responsive enough to treatment that remission is achieved.
The number one asset you have in beating this cancer has little to do with choosing your mesothelioma therapy, but is catching your disease early. More than the different techniques used to combat the cancer, the early discovery of it can determine your prognosis.